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        <title>Сайт викладача хімії та біології Чалої Світлани Володимирівни - Арени</title>
        <link>http://sait-vykladacha-hm-ta-biolog-chala-svitlana.mozello.com/hmja-10-klas/areni/</link>
        <description>Сайт викладача хімії та біології Чалої Світлани Володимирівни - Арени</description>
                    <item>
                <title>Арени</title>
                <link>http://sait-vykladacha-hm-ta-biolog-chala-svitlana.mozello.com/hmja-10-klas/areni/params/post/4004172/</link>
                <pubDate>Mon, 07 Mar 2022 14:31:00 +0000</pubDate>
                <description>&lt;p&gt;
Існує велика група сполук Карбону з Гідрогеном,
назва якої доволі незвичайна — &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ароматичні вуглеводні&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Вона
пов’язана з тим, що раніше ці сполуки добували з природних духмяних смол. Проте
спільна ознака таких сполук — не запах, а особлива будова молекул.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ароматичні вуглеводні навколо нас&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;section id=&quot;h.p_oodXIooGRHXV&quot; class=&quot;yaqOZd&quot; style=&quot;display: table; box-sizing: border-box; background-size: cover; position: relative; table-layout: fixed; width: 1286.33px; padding-bottom: 1.5rem; padding-top: 1.5rem; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mYVXT&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;LS81yb VICjCf&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 1280px; outline: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf purZT-AhqUyc-c5RTEf pSzOP-AhqUyc-c5RTEf JNdkSc yYI8W&quot; 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display: block; width: 365.069px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; ДДТ — дуст&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;hJDwNd-AhqUyc-R6PoUb JNdkSc L6cTce-purZT L6cTce-pSzOP&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;JNdkSc-SmKAyb&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div jscontroller=&quot;sGwD4d&quot; jsaction=&quot;zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;&quot; jsname=&quot;F57UId&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf purZT-AhqUyc-c5RTEf pSzOP-AhqUyc-c5RTEf JNdkSc yYI8W&quot; style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;JNdkSc-SmKAyb&quot; 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style=&quot;border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; width: 266.411px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Ванілін&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;section id=&quot;h.p_Nu-u3393UTaF&quot; class=&quot;yaqOZd&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; display: table; box-sizing: border-box; background-size: cover; position: relative; table-layout: fixed; width: 1286.33px; padding-bottom: 1.5rem; padding-top: 1.5rem; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mYVXT&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;LS81yb VICjCf&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 1280px; outline: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;hJDwNd-AhqUyc-EehZO purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc&quot; style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;JNdkSc-SmKAyb&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div jscontroller=&quot;sGwD4d&quot; jsaction=&quot;zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;&quot; jsname=&quot;F57UId&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oKdM2c Kzv0Me&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 1280px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;h.p_TRdKmtM7UU1N&quot; class=&quot;hJDwNd-AhqUyc-EehZO jXK9ad D2fZ2 OjCsFc wHaque GNzUNc&quot; style=&quot;position: relative; overflow-wrap: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;jXK9ad-SmKAyb&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;tyJCtd mGzaTb baZpAe&quot; style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_DpueKieRUU1k&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;Поміркуйте, які ознаки спільні для цих речовин?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_DpueKieRUU1k&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;Відповідь:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_DpueKieRUU1k&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;1) усі вони мають запах — аромат, звідки й походить назва — &quot;ароматичні вуглеводні&quot;;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_DpueKieRUU1k&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;2) усі вони токсичні (ванілін теж);&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_DpueKieRUU1k&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;3) в їх молекулах є принаймні одне бензольне кільце.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section id=&quot;h.p_fMlEkxobUqGr&quot; class=&quot;yaqOZd&quot; style=&quot;display: table; box-sizing: border-box; background-size: cover; position: relative; table-layout: fixed; width: 1286.33px; padding-bottom: 1.5rem; padding-top: 1.5rem; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mYVXT&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;LS81yb VICjCf&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 1280px; outline: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc&quot; style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;JNdkSc-SmKAyb&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div jscontroller=&quot;sGwD4d&quot; jsaction=&quot;zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;&quot; jsname=&quot;F57UId&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oKdM2c Kzv0Me&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 1280px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;h.p_WPX3v-uPUqGf&quot; class=&quot;hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 OjCsFc wHaque GNzUNc&quot; style=&quot;position: relative; overflow-wrap: break-word;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;jXK9ad-SmKAyb&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;tyJCtd mGzaTb baZpAe&quot; style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_kz53PRyJVcJN&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;Найпростіший представник ароматичних вуглеводнів — бензен — С&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_kz53PRyJVcJN&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;h.p_A_i_sJMGSx00_l&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q JYVBee&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative; pointer-events: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;div jscontroller=&quot;Ae65rd&quot; jsaction=&quot;touchstart:UrsOsc; click:KjsqPd; focusout:QZoaZ; mouseover:y0pDld; mouseout:dq0hvd;fv1Rjc:jbFSOd;CrfLRd:SzACGe;&quot; class=&quot;CjVfdc&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 100%; pointer-events: all; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Історія відкриття бензену&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_fL7ovYMATDkM&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;Уперше бензен описав німецький хімік Іоганн Глаубер у 1649 році&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;Він отримав бензен з кам’яновугільної смоли.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_-2HfYFmsWLIK&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;Друге народження бензен отримав завдяки роботам Фарадея. У 1825 році Майкл Фарадей&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;добув бензен з світильного газу.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_-2HfYFmsWLIK&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://site-1061865.mozfiles.com/files/1061865/274px-M_Faraday_Th_Phillips_oil_1842.jpg?1646823054&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_-2HfYFmsWLIK&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Майкл_Фарадей&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Майкл Фарадей&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_-2HfYFmsWLIK&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot; float: none;&quot;&gt;Через 40 років після другого відкриття, у 1865 році, німецький хімік Фрідріх Август Кекуле встановив структуру молекули бензолу. Якось, після довгої роботи над підручником, Кекуле заснув, і йому приснилися атоми вуглецю і водню, зчеплені в нитки, які нагадували змій. Одна із змій вчепилася у власний хвіст, продовжуючи крутитися. Кекуле зчепив всі атоми Карбону в шестикутник, у якому чергуються подвійні і одинарні зв&#039;язки. &lt;/span&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_-2HfYFmsWLIK&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot; float: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br class=&quot;Apple-interchange-newline&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;IFuOkc&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; table-layout: fixed; left: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mYVXT&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;LS81yb VICjCf&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 1280px; outline: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc yYI8W&quot; style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;JNdkSc-SmKAyb&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div jscontroller=&quot;sGwD4d&quot; jsaction=&quot;zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;&quot; jsname=&quot;F57UId&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oKdM2c Kzv0Me&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 1280px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;h.p_iTf8Js8ikevv&quot; class=&quot;hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 OjCsFc&quot; style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;jXK9ad-SmKAyb&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;tyJCtd baZpAe&quot; style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;t3iYD&quot; style=&quot;overflow: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;width: 434px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://site-1061865.mozfiles.com/files/1061865/Strukturn_formuli_benzenu_.jpg&quot; style=&quot;width: 434px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/AwFVPCuFTkX_AImKf04v-IBuvt4tG7RvjjHsCA5lj84oYpHlLEg1E5iB-MQNu43IbvwOM0TcTrm3k0ghy4SPJiBhP-VT4Jh-L9xLSR6kzVPcVPJh=w1280&quot; class=&quot;CENy8b&quot; role=&quot;img&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; width: 562.41px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;moze-important&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Бензен — формула Кекуле&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;h.p_8vc_S3HZtpK0_l&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q JYVBee&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative; pointer-events: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;div jscontroller=&quot;Ae65rd&quot; jsaction=&quot;touchstart:UrsOsc; click:KjsqPd; focusout:QZoaZ; mouseover:y0pDld; mouseout:dq0hvd;fv1Rjc:jbFSOd;CrfLRd:SzACGe;&quot; class=&quot;CjVfdc&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 100%; pointer-events: all; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Будова молекули бензену&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;iframe class=&quot;moze-iframe&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/xD7Z7SHix-w&quot; height=&quot;360px&quot; width=&quot;640px&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;allowfullscreen&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;


&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;h.p_4TXW4p3z0kzz_l&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q JYVBee&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative; pointer-events: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;div jscontroller=&quot;Ae65rd&quot; jsaction=&quot;touchstart:UrsOsc; click:KjsqPd; focusout:QZoaZ; mouseover:y0pDld; mouseout:dq0hvd;fv1Rjc:jbFSOd;CrfLRd:SzACGe;&quot; class=&quot;CjVfdc&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 100%; pointer-events: all; position: relative;&quot;&gt;Фізичні властивості бензену&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/b&gt;

&lt;iframe class=&quot;moze-iframe&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/rEg1IibZMxQ&quot; height=&quot;360px&quot; width=&quot;640px&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;allowfullscreen&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_-2HfYFmsWLIK&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot; float: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol class=&quot;n8H08c BKnRcf&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;h.p_-_Elkn-80oII&quot; class=&quot;TYR86d zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;рідина&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;h.p_LMhZ7ES13GAH&quot; class=&quot;TYR86d zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;без кольору&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;h.p_vtdKZXPt2_QR&quot; class=&quot;TYR86d zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;з характерним запахом&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;h.p_K2r1E5VF3Rs9&quot; class=&quot;TYR86d zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;нерозчинний у воді, сам  є добрим розчинником&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;h.p_REmVL97P3UPd&quot; class=&quot;TYR86d zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;легший за воду (ρ = 0, 88 г/см&lt;sup style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;h.p_Yv1G1KQa2_Qa&quot; class=&quot;TYR86d zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;t&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;пл&lt;/sub&gt; = 5,5°С; t&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;кип&lt;/sub&gt; = 80°С&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;h.p_Yv1G1KQa2_Qa&quot; class=&quot;TYR86d zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;токсичний. Вдихання парів бензену викликає головну біль, запаморочення&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_-2HfYFmsWLIK&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot; float: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;h.p_NNDVfwBF3xC2_l&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q JYVBee&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative; pointer-events: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;div jscontroller=&quot;Ae65rd&quot; jsaction=&quot;touchstart:UrsOsc; click:KjsqPd; focusout:QZoaZ; mouseover:y0pDld; mouseout:dq0hvd;fv1Rjc:jbFSOd;CrfLRd:SzACGe;&quot; class=&quot;CjVfdc&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 100%; pointer-events: all; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Хімічні властивості бензену&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_af-5cHqr5bYc&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;І. Окиснення&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_Q6hUXEeT6xP_&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;1) Горить&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_UMAtt7PT5b1j&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;2С&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt; + 15О&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; → 12СО&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + 6Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;О &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;iframe class=&quot;moze-iframe&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/PUFtV2mjQpc&quot; height=&quot;360px&quot; width=&quot;640px&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;allowfullscreen&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;iframe class=&quot;moze-iframe&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/JtabJmQdRww&quot; height=&quot;360px&quot; width=&quot;640px&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;allowfullscreen&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_-2HfYFmsWLIK&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot; float: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;2) Стійкий до дії окисників,  не знебарвлює розчин перманганату калію&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_-2HfYFmsWLIK&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot; float: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;iframe class=&quot;moze-iframe&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/skKV12eJZuc&quot; height=&quot;360px&quot; width=&quot;640px&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;allowfullscreen&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_-2HfYFmsWLIK&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot; float: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_COHhuoMV31xG&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;b&gt;ІІ. Реакції заміщення (подібно до насичених вуглеводнів)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_KMFdr5Bf6_r9&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;1) Реакція з бромною водою &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;(у присутності каталізатора FeCl&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_yAKix6kk7TaS&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;С&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt; + Вr&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;2 &lt;/sub&gt;→ С&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;Вr + НВr&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_yAKix6kk7TaS&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;iframe class=&quot;moze-iframe&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/XPfXRMkZFzk&quot; height=&quot;360px&quot; width=&quot;640px&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;allowfullscreen&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_OGiQZtVC0pMg&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;2) Нітрування бензену&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt; — реакція з нітратною кислотою у присутності концентрованої H&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_PAApWeyoKI3E&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;С&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt; + HNO&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;3 &lt;/sub&gt;→ С&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;NO&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_PAApWeyoKI3E&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: 400; outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;iframe class=&quot;moze-iframe&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/K_85Sd5jbyU&quot; height=&quot;360px&quot; width=&quot;640px&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;allowfullscreen&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;
&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_VmCrLpZNKy_-&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;ІІІ. Реакції приєднання (подібно до ненасичених вуглеводнів)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_ADPHJOZ2K7bq&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;1) Гідрогенування бензену&lt;/b&gt; — приєднання водню, утворюється циклогексан&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_VohjidYBKzAB&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;С&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt; + 3Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;2 &lt;/sub&gt;→ С&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_mbC_LR5eLNLq&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;2) Хлорування бензену&lt;/b&gt; — приєднання хлору, утворюється гексахлорциклогексан&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p id=&quot;h.p_S3uhfQ4lLNLt&quot; class=&quot;CDt4Ke zfr3Q&quot; style=&quot;outline: none; position: relative;&quot;&gt; С&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt; + 3Сl&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;2 &lt;/sub&gt;→ С&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;Н&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;Cl&lt;sub style=&quot;font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;max-width: 100%; pointer-events: all; position: relative;&quot;&gt;Застосування бензену та його похідних&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;moze-small&quot;&gt;1) отрутохімікати;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;moze-small&quot;&gt;2) розчинники;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;moze-small&quot;&gt;3) виготовлення вибухівки;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;moze-small&quot;&gt;4) добавка до пального для підвищення його октанового числа;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;moze-small&quot;&gt;5) в органічному синтезі для одержання барвників, полімерів, ліків.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;





&lt;br&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/section&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/section&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
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